Pakistan (the country of love and peace)

 Pakistan

Pakistan is a country located in South Asia, bordered by India to the east, Afghanistan to the west and north, Iran to the southwest, and China to the northeast. It was formed as an independent country in 1947, when British India was partitioned into India and Pakistan.

 

Pakistan is the world's fifth-most populous country, with a population of over 225 million people. The capital of Pakistan is Islamabad, and its largest city is Karachi. Urdu is the national language, but English is widely spoken and understood.

 

Pakistan has a rich cultural heritage, with influences from Persian, Arab, and Central Asian cultures. Its people are known for their hospitality and love of food, music, and sports. Cricket is the most popular sport in Pakistan, and the national cricket team is one of the strongest in the world.

 

The economy of Pakistan is mainly based on agriculture, but it also has a significant industrial sector, including textiles, cement, and steel production. Pakistan is also known for its natural resources, including coal, natural gas, and oil.

 

Pakistan faces several challenges, including poverty, corruption, and terrorism. It has also had a strained relationship with India over the years, with both countries engaged in territorial disputes and occasional military conflicts. However, Pakistan is also an important regional player and has played a key role in facilitating peace talks in Afghanistan.

 

Overall, Pakistan is a complex and diverse country with a rich history and culture, as well as its own set of challenges and opportunities.

 

Why is Pakistan separate from the subcontinent

Pakistan is a separate country from the Indian subcontinent due to several historical, social, and political factors. The movement for a separate homeland for Muslims in India gained momentum in the early 20th century, fueled by a growing sense of alienation and discrimination against the Muslim community by the Hindu-dominated Indian National Congress.

 

In 1940, the All India Muslim League passed the Lahore Resolution, which called for the creation of a separate Muslim state in the northwestern and northeastern regions of India. The demand for a separate homeland for Muslims was based on the idea that they were a distinct religious and cultural community with a separate identity and needed a separate state to protect their rights and interests.

 

After years of political negotiations and struggles, Pakistan finally became an independent state on August 14, 1947. The partition of India resulted in widespread violence, mass migration, and loss of life, but it also paved the way for the creation of two separate states- India and Pakistan.

 

Today, Pakistan is a separate country with its own culture, language, history, and political identity. Despite shared cultural and historical ties with India, Pakistan has a unique identity and a distinct place in the region.

 

The founder of Pakistan

The founder of Pakistan is Muhammad Ali Jinnah, also known as Quaid-e-Azam (Great Leader). He was born on December 25, 1876, in Karachi, which was then a part of British India.

 

Jinnah was a prominent lawyer and politician who fought tirelessly for the rights of Muslims in India. He believed that Muslims needed a separate nation to protect their political, social, and economic interests.

 

In 1940, Jinnah proposed the idea of a separate Muslim state, which became known as Pakistan. He was the leader of the All India Muslim League, which worked towards this goal.

 

Jinnah negotiated with the British government and the Indian National Congress to achieve Pakistan's independence in 1947. He became the first Governor-General of Pakistan, serving until his death on September 11, 1948.

 

Jinnah is considered the father of the nation in Pakistan, and his legacy continues to inspire generations of Pakistanis. He is remembered for his leadership, dedication, and commitment to the cause of creating a separate homeland for the Muslims of India.

 

The role of allama iqbal in the independence of Pakistan

Allama Muhammad Iqbal is considered one of the founding fathers of Pakistan and is widely recognized for his instrumental role in inspiring and mobilizing the Muslims of India towards the creation of an independent Muslim state. He was a philosopher, poet, and politician who advocated for the rights of the Muslims and played a significant role in shaping the ideology of Pakistan.

 

Iqbal's contributions to the independence of Pakistan can be traced back to his writings and speeches, which articulated the need for a separate Muslim state. His famous Allahabad address in 1930, in which he proposed the idea of a separate Muslim state, is widely regarded as a pivotal moment in the history of the Indian subcontinent. Iqbal argued that Muslims could not coexist with Hindus within a single state, and that they needed a separate state where they could practice their religion freely and protect their cultural identity.

 

Iqbal's poetry also played an important role in inspiring the Muslim community and promoting the idea of a separate Muslim state. His works such as "Asrar-e-Khudi" (Secrets of the Self) and "Bang-e-Dra" (The Call of the Marching Bell) encouraged Muslims to take pride in their cultural heritage and to work towards the establishment of a separate state.

 

Iqbal's political activism was also instrumental in the independence of Pakistan. He was a member of the All India Muslim League and worked closely with its leader, Muhammad Ali Jinnah, to promote the cause of a separate Muslim state. He played a key role in the negotiations that led to the creation of Pakistan, and his ideas and vision for an independent Muslim state were reflected in the country's constitution.

 

In conclusion, Allama Iqbal's role in the independence of Pakistan cannot be overstated. He was a visionary leader who played a pivotal role in shaping the ideology of Pakistan and inspiring the Muslim community to work towards the creation of an independent Muslim state. His ideas and vision continue to influence the political and cultural landscape of Pakistan to this day.

The list of prime ministers in Pakistan till independence

Pakistan became an independent state on August 14, 1947, after the partition of India. Since then, the country has had several prime ministers, each of whom has contributed to the nation's political, economic, and social development. Here's a list of prime ministers in Pakistan after independence:

 

Liaquat Ali Khan (1947-1951)

Khawaja Nazimuddin (1951-1953)

Mohammad Ali Bogra (1953-1955)

Chaudhry Mohammad Ali (1955-1956)

Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy (1956-1957)

Ibrahim Ismail Chundrigar (1957)

Sir Feroz Khan Noon (1957-1958)

Nurul Amin (1971-1973)

Zulfikar Ali Bhutto (1973-1977)

Muhammad Khan Junejo (1985-1988)

Benazir Bhutto (1988-1990)

Nawaz Sharif (1990-1993)

Balakh Sher Mazari (1993)

Nawaz Sharif (1993-1996)

Miraj Khalid (1996-1997)

Nawaz Sharif (1997-1999)

Zafarullah Khan Jamali (2002-2004)

Chaudhry Shujaat Hussain (2004-2007)

Shaukat Aziz (2004-2007)

Yousaf Raza Gillani (2008-2012)

Raja Pervaiz Ashraf (2012-2013)

Nawaz Sharif (2013-2017)

Shahid Khaqan Abbasi (2017-2018)

Imran Khan (2018-Present)

Each prime minister has had a unique vision and approach to governance, with some achieving significant successes while others facing significant challenges. The list includes prominent names like Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, who implemented significant social and economic reforms, and Nawaz Sharif, who oversaw infrastructure development and economic growth. The current Prime Minister, Imran Khan, has promised to focus on anti-corruption efforts, poverty reduction, and economic development during his tenure.

 

How many percent Pakistani are educated

As of 2021, the literacy rate in Pakistan is estimated to be around 63%, which means that approximately 37% of the population is considered to be illiterate.

 

However, it is important to note that literacy rate and educational attainment are not the same thing. While someone who is literate can read and write, they may not necessarily have completed a formal education.

 

According to the UNESCO Institute of Statistics, as of 2018, the gross enrollment ratio (GER) in Pakistan for primary education was 92.7%, for lower secondary education was 54.8%, and for upper secondary education was 30.3%. The GER measures the total enrollment in a specific level of education, regardless of age, as a percentage of the eligible age group in that level of education.

 

Therefore, while the exact percentage of educated people in Pakistan is difficult to determine, we can estimate that a significant portion of the population has received some form of formal education, particularly at the primary level.

 

The most popular dishes in Pakistan

Pakistan is a country with a diverse culinary tradition that reflects its cultural and regional influences. Here are some of the most popular dishes in Pakistan:

 

Biryani: Biryani is a rice-based dish that originated in the Indian subcontinent. It is made with spices, meat (usually chicken or beef), and rice, and is often served with raita (a yogurt-based sauce) and salad.

 

Haleem: Haleem is a popular dish in Pakistan, especially during the holy month of Ramadan. It is a slow-cooked stew made with wheat, lentils, meat (usually beef or mutton), and a variety of spices.

 

Nihari: Nihari is a spicy stew made with slow-cooked beef or lamb, bone marrow, and a variety of spices. It is often served with naan (a type of bread) and garnished with chopped onions and cilantro.

 

Kebabs: Kebabs are a staple in Pakistani cuisine and come in many varieties, including seekh kebab (spiced ground beef or lamb grilled on skewers), shami kebab (made with ground meat, lentils, and spices), and chapli kebab (made with ground beef or lamb and a variety of spices).

 

Karahi: Karahi is a spicy dish made with chicken or mutton cooked in a wok-like pan with a variety of spices, tomatoes, and green chillies. It is often served with naan or rice.

 

Saag: Saag is a dish made with leafy greens (usually spinach or mustard greens) and spices. It is often cooked with meat (usually chicken or lamb) and served with naan or rice.

 

Bihari Boti: Bihari Boti is a type of kebab made with marinated beef or lamb and grilled to perfection. It is often served with naan and a variety of chutneys.

 

These are just a few of the many delicious dishes that are popular in Pakistan. Each region of the country has its own unique culinary tradition, so there is always something new and exciting to try.